Nuclear Waste Management Essays

“Waste Management Overview.” World Nuclear Association.Taylor, Kathryn S. "Fewer Nuclear Waste Sites Poses Problems for Hospitals."Siting a nuclear waste unit on the Navajo reservation would benefit the country and the Navajos, but the idea is meet with reluctance because of the suspected costs to the Navajo people, the environment as a whole, and the Navajo’s land.The public perception of nuclear energy and nuclear waste disposal controls a region’s acceptance of a nuclear waste site.As environmentalism becomes the center of the debate about nuclear waste unit siting, multiple suspected costs are brought the forefront.

treatment systems."Waste Management 18 (1998) pp."Use of sanitary sewers as wastewater Pre- .Warith, M.A., K. Kennedy, and R. Reitsma.Nuclear Power and its .

About 40000 tones of spent nuclear fuel and complex radioactivity wastes from research, commercial and defense activities were accumulated in U.S.A and about 2000 tons were being added every year as nuclear waste.“Nuclear Waste Standoff.” .Nuclear Waste.” .This research essay focuses on the advantages of the nuclear energy, challenges facing the disposal of nuclear waste, viable alternatives to nuclear energy and potential danger if the nuclear waste is stored in a single site like Mount Yucca in U.S.A and finally arrives its findings.Further, nuclear energy is unsafe and constant increase in nuclear reactors will enhance the danger of nuclear weapon explosion.

At the same time, it is very important to be aware of the dangerous of using nuclear energy and always be safe and secured.According to this committee, nuclear energy produces radioactive waste which is very dangerous.One of the major concerns about nuclear energy is there is a chance for severe accident to occur in the reactor.Scientific and Technical Committee Euratom has explained on another negative effect of nuclear energy.As a conclusion, even though nuclear power has disadvantages which are really harmful to the environment and human beings, it should be still encouraged to use it in agriculture.

Sources of Nuclear Hazards: .Management of solid waste is very important in order to minimize the adverse effects of solid wastes.Solid Waste Management: .Steps involved in solid waste management: .1.NaturalSources – which is in space which emitcosmic rays 2.Man made sources ( Anthropogenic sources) These are nuclear power plants, X-rays , nuclear accidents, nuclear bombs, diagnostic kits etc .

Nuclear safety authorities also have specific groupings: the Association of Nuclear Safety Authorities of Western European Countries (WENRA), the European Group of Nuclear Safety Authorities (ENSREG) and the International Association of nuclear safety authorities (INRA).Finally, there is a distinction, sometimes blurred sometimes marked, between opponents of geological disposal who generally support the use of nuclear energy (with a different way of managing long-lived waste) and opponents of nuclear energy who oppose the principle of geological storage as part of the nuclear fuel cycle.The various nuclear players come together in international bodies such as the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA / IAEA), the Nuclear Energy Agency...

Because of the existence of saline creeps along the Pecos River, the WIPP has been identified as an area that has the capability of discharging nuclear waste products that emanate from the commercial nuclear sites, and the repository itself.This had an effect of leaving the WIPP as the only repository facility that had the capability of storing waste products that had accumulated at the commercial nuclear plants, in the United States (Olsson, 39).In the year 2010, the department of energy was able to mothball, the previous plans to develop and build the Yucca nuclear waste repository plant in Nevada.The government feared that proceeding with the construction of a nuclear site at the Kansas location, may lead to the emergence of serious h...

Should the world’s reliance on nuclear power be dramatically expanded, as advocated by many nuclear power enthusiasts and as was initially expected when nuclear power technologies were developing in the 1950’s?Many of the rapidly developing countries of the world, especially, tend to be upbeat about the potential of nuclear power, while in some of the developed countries where nuclear power has been put to use for generating electricity for several decades now there has been an increasing degree of opposition to the continued reliance on nuclear power, from the point of view of threats it poses to the environment.With increased use of nuclear power, there is increasing likelihood of misuse of raw materials and technology for manufacturin...

It is however, recommended that further studies on the UAE’s nuclear policies and the public perceptions about nuclear energy be conducted to clarify the issues related to the public’s overall perceptions about nuclear energy.According to Schwalbe (2007, p.3), the operational polices of the UAE to sustain the nuclear facility should direct that the facility should include regular safety assessment of the facility, management of the regulatory competence of the nuclear department, continuous assessment of the safety of predisposing of nuclear waste, using an up to date and secure information system to run the facility, and formulating the polices which underpin the assessment and compliance with the IAEA policies on the safety of nuclear ...

The Nuclear Age Peace Foundation also states, the accident cost the former Soviet Union more than three times the economic benefits accrued from the operation of every other Soviet nuclear power plant operated between 1954 and 1990. .There are two types of high-level waste, according to the World Nuclear Association, fission products and transuranics.According to the World Nuclear Waste Association, All parts of the nuclear fuel cycle produce some radioactive waste and the cost of managing and disposing of this is part of the electricity cost.The idea was to dump all the nuclear waste produced in the United States at that location, but people were quick to point out that it will be completely fill and would not support for more nuclear w...

If these nuclear weapons are used against other countries, it brings calamity of nuclear war.Yet, it should not be ignored that nuclear energy may lead to disasters by reason of nuclear wastes, reactor accidents and nuclear weapons.Two types nuclear waste occurred: low level and high level radioactive wastes.Last disadvantage of production electric by utilizing nuclear energy is nuclear weapons.Comparison with other electric generation methods such as lignite, coal, oil and natural gas, nuclear energy emits less greenhouse gas and carbon dioxide ( see Figure 1) (Greenhouse gas emissions avoided through use of nuclear energy, 2014).

The average production cost of 1.87 cents per kilowatt-hour includes the costs of operating and maintaining the plant, purchasing fuel and paying for the management of used fuel.” These facts prove nuclear energy as the most efficient form of energy over its competitors, including oil, coal, wind, hydroelectric, and near-term solar power.The main reasons are first it produces the most energy than any non-renewable resource, second high reserves of uranium are found on earth which is the raw material for nuclear reactors; third there is no release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, chlorofluorocarbon during a nuclear reaction, fourth plutonium, a by-product of commercial nuclear plant operation, can also be used a...

It implies a huge amount of investment from the beginning to the end — how to handle nuclear waste, or ,more specifically, the Radioactive Waste.The high Invest Costs would be the first challenge to face, The construction cost of a nuclear reactor is high; according to various studies, the total cost of building and making a nuclear power plant operational ranges between $8-17 billion(which is about 5~11 billion pounds).Which fortunately the government of the United kingdom got the experiences of manage nuclear power station and the right attitude as I just mentioned in this field.However, if we take a review of the official report of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident, which present by The National Diet of Japan in Sep 12 2012(page 16), we ...

Also, study after study has shown that wind power – both on land and at sea – is cheaper than nuclear power.As for nuclear power, it’s very efficient and quick but it is too high of a risk to generate waste we do not know what do with because it can kill every living thing.The cost of nuclear energy is very high as well, the amount of money needed to clean up the waste of the existing nuclear industry in the UK is estimated to be £65bn-£90bn with a further £20bn-£30bn for long term management of the half a million tonne of waste.This much higher than the immediate fatalities caused by nuclear, thirty one, in the same time period.There are no gases emitted by this process that contribute to global warming but nuclear waste is produced tha...

The building of nuclear energy capacity necessarily comes with the enormous added responsibility of ensuring public health and safety, involving first, the storage and containment of harmful waste material and second, the prevention of dangerous nuclear material going into the hands of rogue states and terrorist organisations.While their strident objections to the theory of nuclear energy being much cleaner and “greener” than energy derived from fossil fuels could be taken to be substantially incorrect, it would be presumptuous to brand all their worries about safety and the possibility of nuclear proliferation as facile and alarmist.The UK and the USA, both countries with over regulated nuclear power generation environments will necessa...

Presently, no country has efficiently solved the issue of nuclear pollution in terms of radioactive waste storage.A responsible management of the nuclear waste would limit the risk of nuclear pollution on the long term, allowing us to live on a cleaner and safer planet, also preventing the temptation of dumping the waste in the oceans.Nuclear pollution is not the only hazard that comes together with the use of radioactive energy: mass populations are jeopardized on a current basis if something happens to a reactor, as it was the case with the Russian Chernobyl for instance.Fish and ocean plants are highly contaminated due to nuclear pollution; Greenpeace has repeatedly signaled out the huge amount of plutonium effluents produced by the n...

Nuclear plants also easily lead to the growth of a nuclear weapons program, and that has happened in many countries in history.The cost of nuclear power is expensive, and so nuclear power continues to be dependent on the finance of governments to survive.There are two opposing views about nuclear power plants which have made the national leaders of Viet Nam to consider carefully the strategies to develop nuclear power.Ground water around nuclear plants is radioactive because tritium leaks from nuclear power plants.Nuclear power gives more chances to nuclear weapons and terrorism sources.

Participants affirmed that it is the responsibility of each State to establish the appropriate and adequate legal and regulatory framework and implement specific measures to fulfil the obligations pertaining to nuclear safety, nuclear security and safeguards.Many participants recognized that fast reactors, closed fuel cycles and re-using of nuclear fuel are some of the key options in enhancing the sustainability of future nuclear systems.With this in view, they favour the establishment of a global nuclear liability regime that addresses the concerns of all States that might be affected by a nuclear accident with a view to providing appropriate compensation for nuclear damage.International cooperation among countries experienced in nuclea...

Other components of the nuclear energy policies are: safety regulations; efficiency standards; emission standards; energy trading legislation; fiscal policies; and nuclear waste management, transportation, and storage.The people against the new nuclear build policies thus shall need to consider that the negative characteristics of building new nuclear power plants can be prevented with the establishment and strict institution of new nuclear safety policies that will be able to cover and prevent the occurrence of these negative effects of new nuclear power plants.This policy covers all the aspects of the utilization of nuclear energy including the following: nuclear fuel extraction and processing from the ore; nuclear fuel mining; nuclear...

Nuclear waste is a huge problem in our world today but it also makes the world that we know possible.In simpler terms this means that something is an environmental injustice if the environment or any of the people living in it are being knowingly mistreated.The goal of the government is to store the waste in one location, Yucca Mountain, instead of scattered across the country.Everyone will agree that the waste obviously needs to be stored somewhere, but we can also agree that we do not want it stored or transported through our back yards.To do this all of the existing waste must be removed from their locations, put into some type of safe transportation and shipped across cities, states and even the country.

The liberal Argument: It is not just about nuclear power, it is far risky as well as nuclear waste last for hundreds of years and there is no way to get rid of billions of tons that is produced.Nuclear power generation brings with it centuries of radioactive waste.For instance suppose you have electricity of lifetime of your own generated from nuclear power, the waste from it would be very little that it can even get into soda can.Storage of Nuclear waste is also largely an issue of the past with technology now available to store nuclear waste in solid form, reducing virtually to zero the possibility of leakage, ground water contamination and so forth.US has stopped reprocessing the nuclear reactor energy due to some political issues whe...

What is surprising is that this negligence should persist for 50 years thereafter, in spite of the growing awareness of the threats that technology and nuclear weapons production can pose.During the course of the last fifty years, nuclear weapons have continually become an increasingly detrimental threat to our own health and environment."Focus on Nuclear Testing."Even the challenge of cleaning up the results of four decades of nuclear weapons production from testing should be vast enough to tell us that testing must absolutely come to a complete stop around the world.Incredible resources will be needed to dispose of 2,700 tons of spent fuel, 10,500 hazardous substances, and 100 million gallons of high-level waste; to clean up 2.3 millio...

Unless the rate of development of both renewables and energy efficiency measures makes up for the loss of capacity resulting from the phasing out of nuclear power, the UK will become more reliant on fossil fuels, which is obviously not consistent with an overall aim of drastically reducing carbon dioxide emissions.The governments future energy policy must focus on how to ensure a secure supply of affordable energy, how to manage the waste products of energy generation regardless of whether it is in the form of radioactive materials or carbon dioxide, and how to increase energy efficiency.Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 1989;1(2):22337.The fact that DEFRA is responsible for dealing with waste, while Department for Trade and...

The increase of nuclear power is limited by four reasons: cost, which is nuclear energy has no advantage compare to the fossil fuel with no carbon tax or disposition; safety, nuclear energy is considered dangerous especially after the Three Mile Island accident; proliferation, the concern of nuclear power plants’ components are used as precursor of nuclear weapons; waste, the disposition of spent fuel will cause problems after long time.References: “Yes” article Stephen Ansolabehere, “The Future of Nuclear Power”, An Interdisciplinary MIT Study(MIT 2003) “No” article Karl Grossman, “The Push to Revive Nuclear Power,” Synthesis/Regeneration 28 Both of these articles are from the book “Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Environmental Issues(1...

(Wiltshire county council, 2007) .. Magnox electrical Limited has proposed to construct an intermediate level radioactive waste (ILW) storage building on Berkeley nuclear licensed site.(2001) Environmental Risk Assessment and Risk management, in P. Morris and R Therivel (Eds) Methods of Environmental Impact Assessment, 2nd Edition(Spon Press/London) .Berkeley nuclear power plant is a high risk and high profile project and it deals with radioactive waste (although the radioactive waste is solid and there is no emission to air)... Two EIA case studies will be compared from two different industrial sectors and they are the Berkeley nuclear power station where a new building for radioactive waste is to be constructed and the A350 Westbury ...

Developments in nuclear science and the ever looming threats of an energy crisis are more than likely to take ocean dumping to a whole new level (Livingston 56).Research on management of highly potent wastes shows that organizations whose activities lead to the development of such waste product prefer to use the ocean as a dumps rather than land.Garbage, demolition debris, sewage, waste materials, chemical matter and even dredge have become part of the sea environment (Motavalli and Deneen 27).Ethical practices require that organizations develop their operations which include waste management in a manner that reduces the harm to the people and the environment.In manufacturing industries, management of waste is associated with additional ...

The general sentiment among Germans is that the elimination of nuclear energy will not only improve the environment, but will initiate movement beyond dangerous and expensive nuclear power and dirty coal (Smith, 2011).Natural Disasters in Nuclear Energy Development The controversy associated with the use of nuclear energy as a modern alternative to fossil fuels has much to do with the fear of natural disasters diminishing the structural integrity of nuclear power plants.At the reactor site, spent nuclear fuel, including plutonium waste, is created.Amid the hope of one day using nuclear energy as a “green” energy source, there is much fear of devastation, due to the four main nuclear disasters in Earth’s history.Also included in the new p...

Although nuclear energy alone cannot be the entire solution, it can provide a large portion of the solution.Nuclear energy is beneficial in the long run and can prove to be a good starting point in the development of cleaner energy sources.In contrast to that, nuclear energy has been around for decades and is utilized to a limited extent already.Furthermore, for nuclear energy to gain traction a public support base is needed.Aside from hydropower, nuclear power is the only proven energy source that does not contribute greenhouse gases to climate change.

Furthermore, while numerous individuals were, at that point, worried about the safety of atomic energy plants even before these mishaps, dread of nuclear energy was seriously increased by the Chernobyl plant explosion in 1986.Lustrous TV campaigns fortify the connection between nuclear power and the power that makes advanced life conceivable.Germany’s nuclear program started in the late 1950s, and the first plants opened in the 1960s.Germany’s biggest protest to nuclear energy, which occurred in 1981 united many demonstrators to protest against the development of a nuclear plant in Brokdorf.Had she merely continued the previous nuclear phaseout and decided to maintain patience, the effects might not have been so detrimental.

The energy of nuclear weapon are divided into 50% as the blast, 35% as thermal radiation (radiation includes infrared, ultraviolet light and soft x-ray in the same time as it explodes) and 15% as nuclear radiation.Besides using bombs from the nuclear waste, some terrorist can use the commercial jet to attack the nuclear power plant that will give the same damage as radioactive bombs.In United States, nuclear power operation costs are charged 0.1 cents per KW-Hr only for this nuclear disposal waste.They are the building construction cost of nuclear power plant, the operational cost of the plant productivity and generating energy; cost of the nuclear disposal waste from plant and cost of deactivating the plant.Nuclear power plant should no...