These ways of dealing with terrorism are not fully relevant and could be easily replaced by more effective methods.This is not only due to the nature of terrorism itself, but also to the deliberately narrow focus of the US government and the ways it chose to address this threat.The UN acknowledges on its website that “Hardly a week goes by without an act of terrorism taking place somewhere in the world, indiscriminately affecting innocent people, who just happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time.” These historical milestones demonstrate to us that Terrorism is old yet contemporary.If the origin of the word terrorism is easy to find (derived from the French word terreur), it is much more difficult to define and understand it....
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In addition, the theory supports US security policy of war against global terrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction to maintain world peace.In addition, the US should intensify the war on terror networks to improve on security in both the Asia-Pacific and the world.First, the US destroyed lives of the Japanese with an atomic bomb in the Second World War prompting the surrender of Japan.New York, NY: 2007.New York, NY: Routledge.
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New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.During Reagan’s time, one notable historical turning point was the ending of the Cold War.This attack forced the US to intensify its war on terrorism by invading Afghanistan, which is seen as the home for Taliban.The Iraq War: The Military Offensive, from Victory in 21 Days to the Insurgent Aftermath.Way Out There in the Blue: Reagan, Stars Wars, and the End of the Cold War.
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The Cold War which was a period of strong change starting in 1945 led America into a geopolitical mindset for the first time in American history.Thesis Statement: Homeland Security plays a major role in the war on terror.The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor had such a detrimental effect on American perceptions of security that after World War II ended, policymakers decided to create for the first time in the nation’s history a permanent bureaucracy intended to prevent any future surprise attacks or other strategic surprises.One of the main problems with fighting a war on terrorism is that the nations of the world have become accustomed to working alone as individuals vice working together.Topic: The United States Homeland Security and The...
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With international terrorism, there are no rules of engagement and terror organizations target civilians in order to spread fear (Engene 2004).Hammond (2008) asserts that the overemphasis on Islamic extremism has led to the strengthening of the misperception especially in the Middle East that “the anti-terror campaign is actually a war on Islam” (p.220).Following the events of 9/11, most nations, led by the US, have made a public declaration of war against international terrorism.Stewart (2006) notes that unlike in a conventional war where the enemy combatants are easy to identify, the diverse pool of individuals involved in international terrorism makes the threat hard to identify.Hammond (2008) reveals that following the 9/11 attacks, ...
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The war on Terrorism: A Doctrine of Aggression for the Propagation .War on Terror .The fact that their mouth and nose usually are gagged as the water is being poured on the victims makes it hard for them to breath resulting to deprivation of oxygen to their body which causers damage to the brain as it is an organ that requires a lot of oxygen for it to function well especially during times of crisis such as the water-boarding experience.Use of torture techniques such as water-boarding in interrogation of prisoners of war and terror suspects is hence advantageous as the information gotten from the prisoners is important to the intelligence agents.Apart from using the technique in its war on terrorism, the United States has also empl...
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Morgan, P 2003, Deterrence Now, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY.Freedman, L 2004, Deterrence, Polity Press, New York, NY.Since the Second World War, peace has been the main superiority of many nations all over the world.Nau, H 2008, Perspectives on International Relations: Power, Institutions, Ideas, Palgrave, New York, NY.This move was initiated by the Iran’s devastation that had been caused by Iraq due to the moves of Iraq to deploy chemicals weapons in the war between the two nations.
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This is the story of war seen through the cynical eyes of a Red Cross ambulance driver who lived the horrors.New York, NY: G. K. Hall & Co., 1994.The result is war, an outcome of the cruel and senseless world where violence is the backslash of violence.No longer is the war about patriotism or courage; instead it is replaced by a certain crookedness, the national glories lost somewhere in-between the madness.In the dialogues and streams-of-consciousness, characters repeatedly avow their reprobation for the war.
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When the Bill Clinton came to power, he faced the task of developing new security policies in the post-Cold War world.2004 Improving the practice of national security strategy: a new approach for the post-Cold War world.4 Lowenthal, Mark.This includes the relationships with foreign governments in terms of economic cooperation, the struggle against terrorism, protection of the environment, eradication of poverty and other important problems.First, it sets stress on information-sharing among the intelligence agencies of various countries especially if these countries fight against global terrorism.
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The drafting and implementation of the Patriot Act has been one of the most successful strategies in combating terrorism due to the underlying reasons that the United States is now more aware and prepared to fight terrorism (Smith, 2010).Acts of terror are usually targeted attacks on a particular group for the purposes of achieving some goals (Purpura, 2007).After the 11th September 2001 attacks, Muslims in the United States were targeted indiscriminately yet they were innocent and because of this terrorism should be defined as an act of war.Terrorism is not justified in the fact that most terror groups perform some of these acts under the guise of religion or politics.New York, NY: Butterworth- Heinemann.
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This is because acts of terrorism and acts of war are often hard to distinguish.New York, NY: Basic Books.This is one of the processes responsible for exaggerating the terrorism issue.Unbalanced media coverage, dishonest politicians, and psychological afflictions are all factors that aid in exaggerating the terrorism issue.Unless this condition is treated, most of the affected people are likely to continue considering terrorism a security threat.
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"News Corp. to NY Post Staff: 'Preserve' Info Related to Hacks, Bribes”.2011.CNN.com ....d War Is Raging".2011.Cyber terrorism, the more dangerous of the 3, is defined as the use of digital equipment to bring down a country by tapping into its computer based programs and dismantling its infrastructure which includes but not limited to: banking networks, air traffic control systems, gas and oil production, transportation, and emergency services that all rely on computer networks to function (Thio, 2010).Just like a traditional attack, Cyber terrorism can lead to death or bodily injury, explosions, plane crashes, water contamination, or severe economic loss (Thio, 2010)."FBI Director Warns of 'rapidly Expanding' Cyberterrorism .
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[17] Steinfels, P. (2004): The Brutality of War, and the Innocents Lost in the Crossfire, New York Times, 20th November 2004 .[25]Steinfels, P. (2004): The Brutality of War, and the Innocents Lost in the Crossfire, New York Times, 20th November 2004 .Steinfels, P. (2004): The Brutality of War, and the Innocents Lost in the Crossfire, New York Times, 20th November 2004 .Walzer, M. (2000): Just and Unjust Wars, NY: Basic Books, p. 199 .[8] Walzer, M. (2000): Just and Unjust Wars, NY: Basic Books, p. 199 .
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The argument Chomsky makes in his book “Power and Terror” is that the United States is actively participating in terrorism.This depiction of what people are led to believe about terrorism leads to fear.The United States of America does participate and contribute to what most Americans would consider acts of terror.Chomsky offers a valid case stating “the United States happens to be the only state in the world that has been condemned by the World Court for international terrorism” [1].In a world where America believes they are the target of terrorist attacks; Chomsky suggests a long look in the mirror is necessary.The Journal of Ethics, 8(1, Terrorism), 59-75.
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There are several types of cyber threats which have different motivations and targeted to a group of people; cyber terror, hackivism, black hat hacking, cyber crime, cyber espionage and information war (CQ Researcher, 2010, p.144).The acts of a cyber attack put a nation’s security at risk, can destroy the economy, and result to a diplomatic tension or war due to espionage.Issues in Terrorism and Homeland Security: selections from CQ Researcher.The military and defense networks are at risk of attacks from other nations and terror groups exposing the US and its people to terror activities.Primarily, cyber warfare can be engaged by nations or terror groups with a main aim to causing destruction.
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4, 2, 147–158, Palgrave Macmillan Ltd Nye, J. S. (1990) ‘Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power’, Basic Books, New York, NY.We will start to see the rise of soft power that in fact is more reflective of hard power.Underlying the hard power approach of weeding the world of terrorism, it could have been seen as using soft power to attract others to the US’s cause.Either you are attracted to the US and by extension its policies on the war on terrorism or you completely reject it and associate yourself with the terrorists.Nye, J. S. (2004a) ‘Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics’, Public Affairs, New York, NY, pp.
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Franks, Fred, GEN. “Unified Quest Keynote.” Speech, West Point, NY.In conclusion, the trust, expertise, and ethic of the Army make it a profession.Works Cited Caslen, Robert L., LTG, and CPT Nathan K. Finney.The Army is holding true to the title of a “Profession of Arms” like never before.As with any organization with high expectations, problems arise and change must occur.
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The year 2003 represented an important moment during this fight against terrorism, even from its beginning, when in March, the war started in Iraq.New York, NY: Oxford UP, 2008.Fighting against terrorism represents a war, strategies made in detail, not only large-scale actions such as the counterblast of the U.S and their allies in Afghanistan and Iraq.Risk and the War on Terror.Now, the countries worldwide were at risk of preemptive war if they were accused for terrorism actions or for financially supporting terrorism.
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The Espionage Act authorized secret service police units to arrest and prosecute 2000 people that had condemned the war.New York, NY: Rowman & Littlefield, Inc.New York, NY: Anderson Publishing.New York, NY: Prentice Hall.Subsequently, the Bill of the Espionage Act was also signed into law in the year 1917 prior to the First World War.
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Among the many innovations of World War I, the machine gun was an addition.New York, NY: The Viking PressThe technological advances brought about were implemented within this war in an attempt to make the war last a shorter and to show prestige.Good bombing, bad bombing: Hollywood, air warfare, and morality in World War I and World War II.Not only were mobile aerial and ground assets involved in war now, but other technology such as flamethrowers, machine guns and poisonous gas was also introduced.
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Inside terrorism.Understanding Terrorism in America: From the Klan to Al Qaeda.Although terrorism has been around for a long time, the 9/11 attack on the US was the day that the world realized the extent that terrorism had evolved.The impact of 9/11 on business and economics: The business of terror.Although terrorism has been around for a long time, its dramatic rise in the recent years has made many nations live in panic.
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Terrorism today: the past, the players, the future.The generation that participated in the war was radicalized and developed criminal mentality as well.Inside Terrorism.Certain studies have only concentrated on individual instead of the larger terrorism set.Mental experts of this line of thought think that psychiatry is not the tool to counter terrorism.
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Before the Armada: The growth of English foreign policy 1485–1588.London: Clarendon Press, 1820. .Ecclesiastical memorials; relating chiefly to religion, and the reformation of it.Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1822. .NY: George H. Doran Company, 1920. .
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Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2010. eBook Academic Collection (EBSCOhost).Stillwaggon, Eileen.London: Anthem Press, 2010. eBook Academic Collection (EBSCOhost).Stunted Lives, Stagnant Economies:Poverty, Disease, and Underdevelopment.2009 Statistical Yearbook : Annuaire Statistique.
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Sylvester, Judith, and Suzanne Huffman.Publishing Group Inc., 2005.The Media and the War on Terrorism.New York, NY: Routledge, .Reporting from the Front.
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Our tradition of rugged individualism, the cult of honor, especially but not exclusively in the South, the untamed frontier, and race and ethnicity are its central features.Not all Americans are violent, of course.And not all violent individuals or groups act that way all the time.The fact that young, alienated blacks and young to middle-aged white men commit a sizable chunk of it (and in doing so continue the historical thread of violent solutions) is an inevitable result of our history.The reasons for the militia movements, the vehement insistence upon the right to own guns — and those chalky outlines — lie squarely in a past that has turned violent self-assertion into a determinant of social status and aggression into a sign of charac...
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Not only had the war physically changed the landscape, but it also changed the socioeconomic face of London- for example, for the first time, the new generation of Londoners, cashing in on the economic boom of a post-war city, was in fact earning more income than their parents (Hamm, 1994).Second, the fact that terror can be focused on civilians as well as governments or armies, giving rise to the phenomenon of domestic terrorism that is a focus point of this research.With a better understanding of terrorism and terrorists, as well as the link to domestic terrorism and racism, research reveals that in the United States, one of the domestic terrorist groups that closely fits the afore mentioned criteria is the American Skinhead Movement.W...
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First, the US war against Iraq was highly unjustified.If the concept of terrorism is not monolithic, then terrorism is unjustifiable.Where Terrorism Finds Support in the Muslim World.Now we may refer to the second conceptual difficulty of the concept “terrorism.” There are those who argue that terrorism is universal; that is, monolithic in scope.NY: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1999. .
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Visual Communication: Images with Messages.People may interpret it as a black propaganda or an eye-opener that not all Muslims perpetrate terror.It is a caricature of Osama Bin Laden wearing a shirt that says I love “bombing” NY City.Osama’s caricature is noticeably done during the peak of the war against terror which was launched by U. S. after the September-11-incident.It may not solve the problem on terrorism but it is a potential tool in the campaign against racism.
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On September 20, 2001 the US president addressed congress and for the first time used the phrase “war on terror”.Suggestions on how to deal with terrorism in future range from the soft measures that may be active or passive to hard measures that may even border on war.Hoffman (2006) stated, “The war on terrorism has now lasted longer than America’s involvement in World War II: yet, even today we cannot claim with any credibility, much less, acuity that it was successful”.Rich Middle-Easterners in the Arab world have also been providing extremists with funding and the terror infrastructure, which is turning out to be even more pervasive than before the war on terror.In conclusion, interpreting the failure of the global war on terror as a ...
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