Water Scarcity In Africa Essays

“Water Scarcity: The Importance of Water & Access.” The Water Project.Kenya’s natural water resources also do not provide an adequate amount of water for their entire population.The Makindu children said “For one billion us, the water here is scarce” (pg.213) Fortunately, there are a number of organizations such as The Water Project that are picking up the slack of Kenya’s government, and creating health care services and water solutions for their residents.A. Kenya’s natural water resources also do not provide an adequate amount of water for their entire population B. Kenya has a lack of a freshwater resource C. Recent natural disasters has caused major soil degradation and displacement throughout the country V. Sources A. Bran, Edw...

Business Council f Australia, 2011, Water under pressure, Business Council of Australia Press, Sydney Chartres, C., 2006, “Can Australia overcome its water scarcity problems?” Journal of Developments in Sustainable Agriculture, Vol.Other useful approaches that can be employed to tackle the problem of water shortage include employing water recycling techniques and desalination of sea water (Shaw 2008).So as to stem the water scarcity challenge in Africa, Saudi Arabia and Australia, a good management policy is required.Moreover, the destruction of forests, the destruction of water catchments, and the pollution of fresh water sources have also played together in contributing to the reduction of water resources.Due to scarcity of rainfall, A...

If disaster is to be averted for the billions who face the impending crisis of water scarcity, humans must find a third way; rather than move water or move people, the human relationship to water needs to be re-conceptualized to ensure global water security.In more immediate terms, water pricing will have two primary opponents: those that fear being unable to afford water (the world’s poor) and those that use immense quantities of water (agricultural producers).The relationship between humans and water has evolved over time, but it has never deviated from two primary forms: humans have either brought themselves to water or brought water to themselves.On a planet that is 75% water, the term “water scarcity” seems a ridiculous misnomer.Tod...

Large parts of Africa suffer from economic water scarcity; developing water infrastructure in those areas could therefore help to reduce poverty.While the concept of water stress is relatively new, it is the difficulty of obtaining sources of fresh water for use during a period of time and may result in further depletion and deterioration of available water resources.[1] Water scarcity involves water stress, water shortage or deficits, and water crisis.Simply put, water scarcity is either the lack of enough water (quantity) or lack of access to safe water (quality).Symptoms of economic water scarcity include a lack of infrastructure, causing the people without reliable access to water to have to travel long distances in or fetch water, t...

Researchers argue that throughout Africa, there is twenty times more underground water than volume of surface water.Safe drinking water is defined by World health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund and Joint Monitoring Program for Water Supply and Sanitation as water that has microbial, physical and chemical characteristics that meet the guidelines of National standard on quality of drinking water (Campbell, Caldwell, Hopkins, Heaney, Wing, Wilson, et al.It is estimated by Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council that treatment of diarrhea caused by water contamination in Sub-Saharan Africa takes away 12% of countries’ health budget.United Nations should look for ways to deal with water scarcity and amicable ways of re...

Water scarcity in these regions is not necessarily caused by a physical lack of water.Tread softly (2013) explains that the over extraction of freshwater and other human intrusion with the water cycle is the immediate cause of water scarcity.Water scarcity is the defined as the lack of access to adequate quantities of water for human and environmental uses However, the Water Project (2014) states that water scarcity can be explained in two ways, it is either the dearth of ample water (quantity) or it is the inability to be able to access safe water (quality).Clean water is the water that is safe enough to be consumed by humans with low risk of immediate or long term harm (Wikipedia 2014).Promoting water as a commodity has led to an incre...

Conflict The large population in developing countries inside of Africa joined with environmental change is bringing about great strain inside and between countries.Water storage in the house or rather in conditions its likely to be contaminated can expand to water silliness, and malaria sickness spread by mosquitoes.Over the years, there have been climatic changes around Africa`s due to human activities that have resulted in a reduced water supply and around the word.It is estimated by the year 2030 millions of individuals will be living in high water stress zone that will be unstable for settling.Water scarcity has often forced those living in water deprived regions to turn to unsafe water resources that contribute to typhoid fever, cho...

Physical water scarcity is due to the uncontrolled natural water supply to peoples demand such as overpopulation, climate change and other natural calamities where in economic water scarcity is the outcome of poor management of the sufficient water available to the people such as the factories polluting the biodiversity and people wasting or over using the water... Water scarcity also called water crisis is the lack of sufficient water available to meet the wants of water usage within the country.Lack of fresh water also means less water to plant the crops causing the food supply to decrease that result to constant huger.When fresh water is not available to the people, they get disease from drinking contaminated water and in fact, 3.1 m...

Although water scarcity is an issue which needs to be solved quickly but, water scarcity is not easy to be reduced and when the project failed, it may cause more problems can make problems worse than before.In the meantime, research also found out the some poverty areas usually has the problem of water scarcity, especially Africa (Barker, R et al 2000).Although there are some methods may reduce water scarcity, some places may have difficulties to run those methods.For instance, The United Nations is running a plan called The “WATER FOR LIFE DECADE”; the aim of this plan is to help some places where lack of water to face the challenges of water scarcity (FAO 2006).Water is essential because water can maintain the process of eco-system, su...

Half a billion people around the world face severe water scarcity throughout the year Half of the world's largest cities experience water scarcity.For example, Bedouin in the city of Dahab, Egypt, installed Aqua Danial's Water Stellar, which uses a solar thermal collector measuring 2 square meters to distill 40 to 60 liters per day from from any local water source.Only 0.014% of all water on Earth is both fresh and easily accessible (potable water), 97% of the remaining water is saline and just under 3% is difficult to access.Water stress, which can also be water scarcity, is a situation where the demand for water exceeds the available water resources.Water scarcity or water stress is a situation in which the demand for water exceeds the...

And also near the southern areas of Africa there is Fuel wood scarcity because of other little deserts.In conclusion Africa needs to find better ways to find fuel resources.In the northern region of Africa there is the Sahara desert.In many cases through out Africa, which has low fuel, wood resources there are a lot of sandstorms.There is very little rainfall, which results in the scarcity of wood for fuel.

When taking into account the water needs of ecosystems, then there are considerable parts of Europe, North America, part of South-West Australia, and part of South America that already face considerable water scarcity, particularly where irrigated agriculture and ecosystems compete for water resources.In all analyses there is already absolute or physical water scarcity affecting food production and productive water use (not water supply and sanitation) in the arid parts of the world, for example in North Africa, and the Middle East.)Industrial water consumption is expected quadruple between 2000 and 2050 in India; by 2050 industrial water consumption will reach 18% of total annual water consumption, up from just 6% in 2000 “The UN has wa...

The technology used at the beginning of this century caused higher Co2 emissions in developed and developing countries which raise the consumption rate (Mitchell 2012).The scarcity in resources is not limited to energy shortage but could represent in water scarcity in congested cities.For example, the decline in water supply in the “Nile Valley” made the countries competing on the Nile water which put lots of pressure on Egypt that its population expands 3% every year (Cassils 2004, 185).The human’s activities, technology, and industry in crowded cities change the climate and impose environmental disasters such as cyclones and floods (Mitchell 2012).Some rich countries such as “China, Saudi Arabia, and South Africa” purchase lands in ......

By millions, "300 of the 800 million people in sub-Saharan Africa live in a water scarce environment" (UN).The Water Project, a non-profit organization, is building wells to those in need.Other groups install water pumps in wells.Many organizations are involved in bringing clean water to those in need.Lack of water is increasing worldwide, but Africa is currently affected the most.

The available surface and ground water is very less to fulfill the growing demand of the population.These effects can be reduced by stopping release of toxic substance into the water.So developing countries like India, China, Brazil, Africa have high illiteracy and most of the people live below poverty line .This is due to over increase in population, such vast population result in tremendous demand for shelter, food, water and sanitation facilities.Due to scarcity of land many people are shifting towards the forest land, so more and more forest are cutting down for building houses and settle farm land .The remain of the trees are burnt and use as fertilizer or cattle grazing result of this the essential nutrients are washed out of the s...

With such limited water supplies in Egypt, it is important that the government should handle the water with great care and attention because this is a natural resource that is finite in this area of Africa and it seems as if the Egyptian government is only looking at future economic gain than the impacts of far less water or its communities to even support themselves on.Not only is this a huge danger for the state of the entire water source of Egypt, it also poses a huge risk to the population of Egypt which already is facing water scarcity.The International Water Management Institute estimated in 2010 that by 2025, Egypt and Libya will suffer from physical water scarcity where the water used will exceed 60% of its usable supplies, and C...

However, wars over river water are likely only under a narrow set of circumstances, as there are also more examples of water cooperation than water conflict among countries.The scarcity of water is increasing worldwide and the quality of the water is continually deteriorating.Nevertheless, the increasing scarcity of water raises doubt about the sustainability of these cooperative agreements over the international rivers.Under special circumstances it is a possibility that scarcity of fresh water resources may give rise to serious armed conflict.Faced with such scarcity, water has increasingly become a source of social tension, bringing further competition and creating conflict which, together, have the potential to destroy the existing a...

The people there hardly have any water to drink, cook and bath.Lack of water will also deprive man to cultivate the soil and plant fruits, vegetables and rich thus there will be food shortage.The lesser products there are available, the higher is the cost.The fear of man to experience all of these adverse effects is the reason why there has been an increased awareness of the environment, which I believe is just right.The climate changes, global warming, extinction of plants, animals and fishes, melting of glaciers and scarcity of natural resources such as water, trees and animals have caused man difficulties.

When asked why they weren’t being used for the original purpose, they attributed this to water scarcity.Interestingly rich nations like Australia are not immune to water scarcity.As many as 83% respondents identified inadequate availability of water as a major risk to their business, in a survey of 27 major industrial sectors conducted by the US-based Columbia Water Center in association with industry lobby FICCI.Water scarcity in Asia and Australia alone affects a fourth of the world’s population and is triggered by over-usage whereas in Africa, it is lack of adequate infrastructure that wreaks havoc.Problems of water scarcity can best be addressed by better efficiency in its utilisation, recycling, pricing of water (and the electricity...

Temperature has increased in the last century by an average of 0.7°C in Africa (Ogodo, 2006, p1).This essay explains some causes of the drought in Africa, and suggests some promising solutions.As a result of this increase, there are more than 900 million hungry people in Africa, and in less than a generation, 40% of the African wild life will be lost, and the African crops will decline by 5 % (Ogodo, 2006, p1).Usually this migration leads to conflict between indigenous people and migrants in order to obtain water and grazing land.This scenario happened in Darfur, and may occur in more than one place in Africa as long as drought is existent (Brown, 2006).

The United Nations World Water Development Report 2, 2006^ “Public Services”, Gapminder video^ Fredrik Segerfeldt (2005), “Private Water Saves Lives”, Financial Times 25 August^ David Zetland, “Running Out of Water”^ David Zetland, “Water Crisis”^ WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (2008), Progress in Drinking-water .Water scarcity encourages people to store water in their homes.(MDG Assessment Report 2008) p. 25^ Updated Numbers: WHO-UNICEF JMP Report 2008^ Water is Life – Groundwater drawdown^ WaterPartners International: Learn about the Water Crisis^ All About: Water and Health, CNN, December 18, 2007^ Water, a shared responsibility.How water is conserved, used and distributed in communities and t...

The shortage of water affects the irrigation to harvests, without water for farming, farmers will not produce enough product to earn for living.As water becomes more difficult to get, the price of fresh water will become out of reach for many families both in American and around the world.There are three main causes of clean water scarcity in the world: the weakness in industrial wastewater management that cause water pollution, the using of water in the unreasonable ways and the lack of civic awareness.In fact, it’s clear that the water shortage will cause other social problems such as food scarcity, uprising, diseases… “More than 3.4 million people die each year from water, sanitation, and hygiene-related causes.At the World Water Da...

In places like the Middle East and Africa, particularly Eritea where there has been an experienced drought and food crisis since 2005 (news24, 2005), there is a higher demand for water to sustain the people there because their areas are mostly desert and land, there are only few water sources to provide for their needs as compared with countries that are surrounded by bodies of water, many of which are found in Southeast Asia.As indicated also in the article of Tom Damassa (World Resources Institute Earth Trends, 2006), other sources of water scarcity are the excessive use and pollution of the natural water resources in advanced countries.Developing nations according to The Challenges of Water Scarcity by the UNEP (n. d. ), are faced wit...

In The Columbia Encyclopedia (6th ed.New York: Columbia University Press.o Due to climate change, by 2020, about 250 million people are estimated to be affected by water stress.Journal of Environmental Health, 65(4), 32+.Imagine No Restrictions on Fossil-Fuel Usage and No Global Warming!.

Secondly, the government needs to take large scale initiatives to not only develop but also promote the use of technology in large-scale sectors such as agriculture to ensure that producers are made aware of the scarcity of their product and also equip them with the information and ability to use technology to enhance their production capabilities and slow down the rampant process of scarcity, even if it is to a small extent.Any resource crisis that does occur, its impact will be felt first and foremost by the poorest sectors of the population, for instance should a water crisis occur its impact would fall upon those that are dependent for their livelihoods on rain-fed or irrigated water in arid and semi-arid regions, where 52% of the w...

4.3 Water Harvesting: There is another method of water provision that describes the collection and concentration of various runoff forms.The ground water irrigation can be encouraged by ensuring the sustainability of the ground water along with the following recommendations .This ground water is also referred as the principal source of water for the arid and semi arid areas.When there is scarce of water for the cropping seasons then water shortage becomes more absolute and cause severe problems for the domestic and personal hygienic and health problems in those areas (Hoek et al., 1999).4.2 Aquifer Storage: The process of Sand Water Storage is the indigenous where infiltration causes the movements of the underlying ground water.

Organizations such as the Water research council are investigating innovative ideas to alleviate the pressure on South Africa’s stressed water system.Water availability in South Africa is integral to the economy, but South Africa is a water scarce nation.The experiment was repeated three time under three treatment groups; the first treatment group was tap water for germination and subsequent growth, tap water for germination and then greywater for growth and the final treatment of grey water throughout the lifespan of the plants.Further research is necessary as water scarcity and availability still threatens food security around Africa.The challenge is to continue production of these vegetables without jeopardizing potable water supplies...

Despite the African continent being marginalized in a lot of ways, in the age of cultural and racial clash which localizes national defense its distress may exert a destabilizing influence on the United States.In his book Kaplan (1994) brings to our attention how Africa stands the threat of becoming impenetrable due to diseases like Malaria and HIV/AIDS.Increase in violence will result to state armies diminishing and eventually being replaced by private security business which will by then be very popular and by urban mafias  who are likely to be more equipped than the military or the municipal  police forces as Van Creveld writes.States and local governments may not be able to protect their citizens physically, to the average person pol...

It directly influences the weather and amount of potable water thereby causing water scarcity and crop failures which eventually leads to food shortages.According to a report published by United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on 11 June 2011, the world will face a water scarcity for agriculture as a result of climate change.Due to water scarcity, farmers tend to pull out more water from the ground thereby depleting the ground water resources and destroying the water table.Drip irrigation and water sprinklers are effective.This will make them realise the threat and motivate them to take steps in conserving water and food.

It has been estimated that water shortage in terms of aquifer over pumping is 160 billion tons annually in India, China, the United States, North Africa, and Saudi Arabia.As water is become more scared, both countries intended to dominate the water resources of Yarmouk River.As availability of water resources is reduced, countries are obliged to obtain more water resources.One way of doing this is to extract more water from original water resources.Water conflicts are another cost of water shortage.